Can Form 1023 be “e-filed”?

No. Form 1023 must be filed by mail.

The IRS produced a beta-software program for Form 1023, dubbed Cyber-Assistant, that would print machine-readable, bar-coded pages. This was widely seen as a precursor to e-filing. Foundation Group was a partner in the beta test efforts. Although the proposed 2010 release of Cyber-Assistant had already been announced by the IRS, the plug was pulled on the project in mid-April 2010. No plans for an alternative have been announced.